N° 3 March 2019

This Month Focus On...

Transpotec Logitec 2019: innovation and a farewell to Sistri

Alternative fuels for trucks and electric propulsion for vans in the name of sustainability. Telematics and digital technology to increase the safety and comfort of commercial vehicles, location systems and braking devices that anticipate autonomous driving, a new 4.0 tachograph with an ITS interface and a farewell to Sistri (tracking systems for waste). These were the themes at the center of the last edition of Transpotec Logitec which ended in Verona on February 24th.
With over 41 thousand visitors, up 35% compared to 2017, and 406 exhibiting companies (+ 23% compared to two years ago), the most important fair in the road haulage and logistics sector recorded a wave of optimism linked to many innovations exhibited and the interest that the public has shown for the over 70 convention appointments. Transpotec Logitec was also a moment of confrontation on the market that has to deal with a still obsolete vehicle fleet: according to the estimate of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport, the average age of Italian vehicles used for freight transport is 13.5 years and 63.1% is less than euro IV. Among the other challenges at the center of the debate, internationalization: the Italian road haulage for 86% moves on national routes against a European average of 65% (Data from UNRAE – Association for Commercial Vehicles), the rationalization of goods management (40% of the truck travels empty, against a European average of 20%, up to the development of European connection infrastructures.
Let's start with sustainability. According to the experts, the farewell to diesel is still far away for the heavy vehicle segment, but in the wake of the dieselgate and the restrictions imposed by many regions and cities, the major manufacturers are proposing alternative solutions. Among these, the most popular and strongly growing for heavy vehicle, is the LNG supply proposed to the Transpotec by Scania. On the stand of the Swedish company, also active in other green solutions such as the electrified highway (eHighway), a Lng model with a 13 liter engine in red livery bearing Koinè stood out. This is one of the 50 specimens recently purchased by the logistics company that works for San Pellegrino, one of the many customers that is asking the world of haulage a greater commitment to the environment. Several electric models, among which the electric truck proposed by Man for the urban distribution of goods stands out, while Renault Truck, with a long experience in electric traction, brought a full electric Master Z.E that boasts a 120 km autonomy and a charging time of 6 hours. More generally, almost all brands focus on electric vehicles for light commercial vehicles.
Many are the innovations to make the heavy vehicle a technological jewel. This is the case of the Mercedes-Benz Atros, previewed in Verona (in Italy from June). On this truck the rear-view mirrors have disappeared, replaced by MirrorCam cameras that show on two 15-inch displays positioned on the uprights inside the cabin what framed with significant advantages on the front of the aerodynamics (and therefore resulting in fuel savings) and in the night vision. Another important evolution concerns the new Active Drive Assists (ABA 5): the system capable of completely braking the truck in front of a pedestrian, anticipating some autonomous driving performance.
Advanced technological equipment in terms of sustainability and safety, but also digital and electronic solutions for transport and logistics management have characterized the entire offer on show, demonstrating the level of innovation achieved by the sector. In this regard it is worth remembering that Transpotec has anticipated by a few weeks the entry into force from 15 June 2019 of the obligation of the digital 4.0 tachograph on board new heavy vehicles. The Regulation (EU) n. 165/2014 requires a standardized DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) interface to improve and make roadside inspections more efficient. Following an appropriate authentication, vehicle data, calibration data and information on possible safety violations and malfunctions are transmitted wirelessly to the devices supplied to the control authorities. This data will help control operators to pre-screen moving vehicles, allowing them to stop suspected offenses with greater certainty. VDO (Continental group), present at Transpotec, presented the DTCO 4.0 intelligent tachograph which also uses an ITS interface, optional according to the standard, but capable of providing over 70 types of information to allow even more transport planning efficient.
It concerns the safety of heavy vehicles the novelty presented by ACI in collaboration with Mobileye and starts from the assumption that only trucks registered since 2015 are equipped with active safety systems, capable of preventing accidents or drastically reducing their effects. For all others, a sudden increase in safety standards can be extended, waiting the renewal process of the vehicle fleet. The Mobileye device, distributed through the territorial network of ACI, is able to also equip the trucks in circulation with a frontal collision warning with other means, pedestrians and cyclists; monitoring of safety distance and carriageway lines; notice of exceeding speed limits and reading road signs; integrated camera with continuous image recording, also useful for insurance purposes.
Finally, this was the edition that saw the end of the much-discussed Sistri, the recently abolished waste transport traceability system. While waiting for the Ministry of the Environment to create a new system, Confcommercio-Conftrasporto presented a bill to Verona with the request for the establishment of a fund with a ceiling of 20 million euros “which can at least in minimum part compensate haulage companies for the costs incurred. If we do not have answers – a press release says- we will turn to all political forces to activate them in this sense ”.

Member of the month

T.net

T.net is an Italian scale-up company, founded in 2002. It is focused on providing Companies and Public Administrations with Engineering Solutions for the Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud and Digital Transformation Businesses.
T.net core mission is to assist organizations in the process of innovation and development of smart solutions. T.net has in its portfolio a complete set of apps and solutions that evolve from Smart IoT Solutions to Data Center Safety, from Intelligent Networks to Unified Communication. T.net Ecosystem is the desirable partner to prepare, design, plan and implement your digital transformation.
T.net vision, together with its international networks, guarantees tailored solutions and customer centric software with a balanced mix of technologies and processes able to achieve the best well-fitted Digital Transformation strategy. Nowadays, the business and market contexts evolve more and more quickly, and the above is a critical success factor.
T.net is providing and planning tomorrow Smart Services, IoT Solutions and Projects focusing on Smart Mobility, Intelligent Transportation System and Smart Farming solutions mainly, that will make the experience of people in their relationship with technologies and their environment simpler, safer and more efficient.
For further information, click here.

PROJECT IN THE SPOTLIGHT
IoT as a service for Smart Road

For years now, T.net works with its team of engineers on technologies research and development in order to turn into reality the dream of Intelligent Transportation Systems, so that security, management and control of the roads could be enhanced.
Mobility is one of the most important activities for collectivity. Job, culture, health, life itself in some cases, are influenced by the chance of moving things and people. An intelligent transportation system has a very deep impact on society, because it prevents accidents, it reduces wastefulness and protects environment. The introduction of Smart Roads leads to multiple positive consequences that can be bundled in three key words: security, management and control.
Watch video

«Nowadays it’s important, more than ever, to focus the attention on infrastructures’ building and care that allow mobility. - Explains Francesco Mazzola, CEO - T.net Vision on intelligent and integrated transportation system counts on components such as Multi-layer Network infrastructure, sensors, analytic/big data software system that includes mathematical models, predictive algorithms and an infobroker layer for efficient communication between the different heterogeneous domains and eventually intelligent devices on vehicles and on road network».
Currently T.net has overcome the theoretical phase and in particular, in the NorthEast of Italy is working on an intelligent weigh-in-motion system (for dynamic weighing of vehicles as they drive).
Download the white paper

THREE QUESTIONS TO…

Eng. Francesco Mazzola – President and CEO

The secret of success: which were the disclosed decisions important for the growth of the company
It was crucial, between the elements of success, the decision to match our “traditional” commercial offer to a new branch with an high level of innovation.
A couple of years ago we started a division for Internet of Things (IoT) focused on project dealing with Digital Cities, Smart Roads and Smart Agriculture. We understood that some of the technologies we developed for digital healthcare could be applied and expanded in IoT field. The other operators looked at this world – maybe they still do it – as at vertical distinct silos, while we have a kind of horizontal approach. This was the point of departure to launch a business area dedicated to IoT. We started from Smart Roads and Smart Cities to extend then our models and technologies to Smart Farming too
In short, we noticed that it was easier to manage a cattle than vehicles! Another aspect was the visibility acquired thanks to the participation to relevant international events. In 2018, T.net was present in Singapore at the IEEE IOT World Forum and in Copenhagen at the ITS World Congress and it was one of the very few Italian entities being there. Moreover, I take part in the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), of which I am Senior Member, and I am committed in various activities, in addition to participate to the most important appointments.
A great support to our process of internationalization comes from the European Institute of Technology (EIT), a body of the European Union, in which T.net entered last September 2018. Thanks to the EIT Business Developer Managers, we are establishing interesting relations with important international groups and relevant business opportunities are coming up.
Finally, as a natural accomplishment of an intercontinental expansion, we have recently concluded an important agreement that led as shareholders in our company two big players of IoT: Quaenet Inc. and Ignitus.

The entrance of new shareholders: what is expected in the future? (expansion abroad, new technologies, services)
The entrance of Quaenet Inc. and of its CEO Ossama Bessada is a great news for us. Mr. Bessada is an experienced international manager and Quaenet is a company at the forefront of IoT technologies. It will open T.net to the American market and not only: we could look to USA, Canada, Middle East markets and expand our businesses… and we could do it also thanks to the access to new financial resources, whose availability is essential for an international expansion.
Therefore, an important business growth is expected and it will lead T.net to strengthen its services and to develop new ones, based on innovative technologies. Along this expansion path, the second new member Natale Lia will flank us with its company Ignitus, making available his great know-how and supplying the right instruments to complete and optimize our internationalization process.

Which are the steps to transform our roads into Smart Roads, ready to see vehicles with autonomous driving? What will be T.net contribution?
To transform our roads in intelligent infrastructures is an essential step to build the Smart Ecosystem that will involve each aspect of people’s lives. Smart cities have smart roads that link them and make smart communities’ interaction possible.
The road transformation process into Smart Roads is has already started, but it is still at the beginning from an implementation point of view.
Along this digital transformation path, firstly it is essential to make involved stakeholders aware of the benefits arising from smart roads: Municipalities, Regions, Motorway Concessions have to take an active part in it and be fully dragged into this. Besides Public Institutions, we are not able to leave private intervention out of consideration, entities that understand the excellent prospects of investments in this field. Therefore, a synergy between Public and Private Sectors that will lead to concrete results regarding intelligent mobility of people is somehow necessary.
T.net contribution in actual and future smart roads’ building is wide. Thanks to our expertise and skills in terms of engineering, we are able to plan advanced technological elements that could be scalable up to massive deployment.
Moreover, T.net proposal is a change of the paradigm that can make the different IOT domains interoperable between them. We are fully convinced that our vision will be the one that will simplify IoT adoption for Smart Cities and Nations’ realization. Lastly, T.net has a great competence in Cyber Security environment, essential element for the accomplishment of Smart Roads.
Then, the outlook is bright: we have what it’s needed to become one of the main and most innovative players specialized in the realization of intelligent infrastructures for Smart Roads worldwide..

TTS Italia partners

Aesys wins tender for infomobility

Aesys S.p.A., an ordinary member of TTS Italia, in cooperation with Geosystems S.r.l., has won the tender issued by Cotral S.p.A. for the supply of an infomobility system.
Source: TTS Italia

Atac: launched the tender for the new web site

Atac, founding member of TTS Italia, published the tender for the realization of its new institutional web site. In the intentions of the management the new page should "convey and reinforce the identity of Atac and the services offered to citizenship, support users in the use of information, increase the perception of the values of the public transport service". Atac's top management believes that the renewal of the site is indispensable and cannot be postponed "as it is functional to the continuation of business activities".
For the announcement, click here.
Source: Clickmobility

Mumbai Metro: won by Datamatics & AEP

The business group consisting in Datamatics  and AEP Ticketing Solutions as been awarded the contract for electronic ticketing on lines 2a, 2b and 7 of the Mumbai metro, for a total value of almost 20 million euros.
Datamatics is a large Indian company based in Mumbai with a strong presence in all the Americas, Australia, Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
The company has a comprehensive suite of innovative solutions through which it serves more than 450 customers worldwide, including Fortune 500 companies.
“It’s really a great result”, said Mr. Saverio Bettini CEO and Sales Director of AEP, “which confirms the continuous rise of our brand also in international markets. Datamatics is one of the most important companies in the area and it is a great honor for us to have been chosen as their partner for the system of a small town like Mumbai… of over 20 million inhabitants!”
Source: AEP

PTV Innovation Day Italia 2019 is coming!

On April 17th, PTV Innovation Day Italy is back in Milan, the PTV Group event for mobility experts, organized by PTV SISTeMA, an ordinary member of TTS Italia. The day will include in-depth studies in the field of multimodal transport planning, traffic macro and micro-simulation, transport demand modeling, forecasting, management and optimization of real-time traffic, but also new trends in the mobility market, such as MaaS , shared and electric mobility and big data. A day of networking with experts from the world of mobility, to discover the novelties of PTV products, and their innovative applications. Furthermore, if you use PTV software and want to talk about an innovative application; or you took part in an interesting project and want to explain how PTV solutions have helped you achieve your goal, you can send an abstract: the best ones can participate for free in the event and present their case.
For further information and registration, click here.
Source: PTV SISTeMA

Project Automation wind tender for air quality monitoring

Project Automation, an ordinary member of TTS Italia, has won the tender issued by ARPAL Genoa for the supply and maintenance of several technological devices for the control and measuring of the air quality.
Source: TTS Italia

Swarco Mizar wins tender for onboard devices

Swarco Mizar, a founding member of TTS Italia, in collaboration with DDCOM, has won the tender issued by Atac, a founding member of TTS Italia, for the supply and setting of videosurveillance systems onboard buses.
Source: TTS Italia

Targa Telematics is the official sponsor of the italian national biathlon team

Targa Telematics, a founding member of TTS Italia, announced a sponsorship deal for the Italian national team in the Biathlon World Championships in Östersund, Sweden, from 7 to 17 March 2019. Targa Telematics operates in the Internet of Things sector and is European leader in the development of technologies for connected cars, with services developed for major rental companies, leasing companies, large corporate fleets and car sharing operators. This new agreement is further evidence of the company’s developing relationship with the Italian Winter Sports Federation (FISI) and its desire to focus on winter sports as a means to promote its brand. This leading IT company is in fact already an official partner of FISI, having adorned the race kits of the national men’s team at the Alpine Ski World Championships last February, which saw Dominik Paris triumph in the Super-G event. The firm also has a multi-year sponsorship programme with young downhill racer Emanuele Buzzi.
There are 12 titles up for grabs in the seven disciplines (individual, sprint, pursuit, relay, mixed relay and mass start), where Italy’s top biathletes will wear ski suits emblazoned with the Targa Telematics archer logo.
The biathlon is one of the best-loved winter sports in Europe: "This is a discipline that is garnering great interest in Italy”, says Nicola De Mattia, CEO of Targa Telematics, “having received a great boost from the recent excellent results of great athletes such as Lisa Vittozzi and Dorothea Wierer, both currently top performers in the World Cup". This sponsorship deal will promote the brand also in Europe, where the company has a strong presence and can count on visibility before millions of fans. "These biathletes, like us at Targa, have to be fast and accurate. These guys have got what it takes to reach some exciting goals. We wish them all the very best. We believe in them!”. FISI President Flavio Roda says, "In terms of results and media coverage, the Italian national biathlon team has really taken off in recent years and is now very deservedly attracting new partners and sponsors. These Italian athletes have become the perfect endorsers for modern companies like Targa Telematics, who can use the Federation and the teams it sponsors to improve its brand positioning on the market. I want to thank the company for its commitment and wish it every success for the future."
Source: Targa Telematics

T.net welcomes new shareholders: QuaeNet and Ignitus enters in the board of directors
New Shareholders and a greater presence in the international market for Digital Infrastructures. T.net – www.tnet.it – company focused on advanced solutions in Internet of Things (IoT), cloud, broadband connectivity and security GDPR compliant, and an ordinary member of TTS Italia – confirmed the agreement with QuaeNet, multinational company working on IOT LPWAN Technology, present in Italy as QuaeNet Italia, and with Ignitus, company who helped T.net in its development process during these last months in its internationalization path.
QuaeNet CEO Mr. Ossama Bessada will be a new board member in T.net. He is known in Italy for his role as former CEO of Wind Telecommunicazioni and a managing partner of Accelero Capital. Also Mr. Natale Lia, CEO of Ignitus, will be a member of the Board of Directors in T.net. Lia was formerly General Director in Sibeg Coca-Cola and in Conad Sicilia.
Confirmed the issue of 280.000 shares of nominal Euro 1 with an average overprice of 15 Euro each to be subscribed by Industrial, institutional and venture capitalist investors. First 127.500 of these shares have been successfully subscribed by Ignitus and Quaenet.
“The decision to invest in T.net comes from the fact that they are not a start up company any more , they have a solid team and valuable entrepreneurship in the figure of Mr. Mazzola in addition to proven implementations “ says Ossama .
“They have the capability of a well rounded IOT integrator across different technologies that enables us to support them to grow more into the Italian market and take that experience in other countries where we operate like Canada and the middle East for expansion” continues Mr. Bessada.
Ignitus, with shareholdings in several companies, is partner company of Quaenet Inc. (Canada) and of Quanet Italia. Quaenet Group is working on the building of LoRa Infrastructures and IoT Applications. “In order to grow Quaenet project up, we did an intensive scouting. T.net was one of the best choices and so we decided to go for it . The company has a great expertise as broadband connectivity provider, as system integrator and as IoT projects player. Quaenet and T.net will be for Ignitus perfect partners to complete IoT offer worldwide”, CEO of Ignitus Natale Lia said.
In November 2018, T.net Board of Director officially established the capital increase to 760.000 euros in order to allow new shareholders to join T.net. Starting from that date new managers and new investors were able to go into business with T.net and support her growth process over the next three years.
Besides, the company changes its name in “T.net S.p.A.”. The choice to remove “Italia” from the name is coherent with the process of internationalisation, started two years ago. From Singapore to Canada and to European States, T.net CEO Francesco Mazzola and his team of engineers have been disseminated worldwide company’s visions and solutions.
“We lead the company to new opportunities, always looking for best technologies; sometimes we have been beyond the borders. Today I can say that this new investors will help us to make T.net an IoT international player and they represent the natural evolution in a path that started with joining EIT Digital, last September. Synergies with QuaeNet Inc. and QuaeNet Italia will allow us to build a player able to develop innovative technologies for ITS, Digital Cities and Smart Agriculture”, CEO of T.net Francesco Mazzola said. We’ll open very soon Data Centers in Palermo, Frankfurt (Decix), London (London Exchange). From Palermo we will get New York trough Seabone (submarine cable arriving to Sicily Hub in Palermo and then to New York), and we’ll create a ring with Frankfurt and Milan. In Uk we’re working with Amey, one of the biggest highway concessionaire, for a project aimed to optimize the traffic in Highlands. In Italy we’re creating a weigh-in-motion smart system for Concessioni Autostratali Venete. Moreover, we won a part of the tender for Smart Road Anas on Catania-Palermo Highways, in partnership with IgGroup”, Francesco Mazzola concluded.
Mr. Pierpaolo Festino, CCO of Quaenet Inc., CEO of Quaenet Italia and Ignitus Shareholder, formerly Director of Business Unit “Business” di Wind, played a crucial role in the agreement: “Iot world evolves very fast and new opportunities are born in new markets: for these reasons we need to create dynamic and innovative partnerships. Thanks to its excellent track-record on innovation and internationalization, T.net is an ideal partner for the growth path of Quaenet in Europe and for the development of new solutions worldwide. Our main target is to start very quickly with new synergies”, CEO of Quaenet Italia Pierpaolo Festino said.
In the deal, Quaent, Ignitus and T.net were assisted by Mr. Valentino Durante for the legal aspects.
The Associate Studio - Legal and Tax Consulting of KPMG assisted the Investors with a team from the partner Luca Parenti and the managers Pierluigi Laghezza and Valeria Tempesti
Source: T.Net

TTS in action

TTS Italia at work for a new Road Code

The Transport Committee of the Chamber of Deputies is working on changes to the Road Code. TTS Italia is following the process very carefully and, with the support of its Associates, has developed its position on the matter. In fact, TTS Italia considers the reform of the Code a fundamental step for the adoption of more innovative mobility policies in line with the objectives of safety, efficiency, quality and environmental respect set at the community level.
Almost thirty years after the adoption of the Road Code, our Association therefore considers it necessary to update the contents to consider all the regulatory, technological and evolution novelties of the transport system in general.
In particular, TTS Italia hopes for an update of the provisions of the Road Code based on the priorities identified in the National ITS Action Plan, with particular attention to innovation issues relating to smart roads, autonomous and connected driving, Mobility as a Service, enforcement systems, etc.
TTS Italia highlights its willingness to develop and deepen the issues related to technological innovation proposed through the creation of a Working Group that involves industries, Local Authorities and the research sector for an active contribution to the update of the current articles of the Road Code.

ITS and regulations in Italy: interview to TTS Italia on PA.Innovazione

What regulations have to be taken into account when talking about ITS? What’s the Italian scenario? Read the interview to the Secretary General of TTS Italia, Olga Landolfi, on PA.Innovazione, available here (only in Italian)

TTS Italia in Brussels to present its recommendations for new business models for ITS

The Consortium of the H2020 project NEWBITS (New Business Models for ITS), also involving TTS Italia among partners, held its final conference at the European Parliament on 21st of March 2019, having gathered together guests from the European Commission (DG MOVE), European Parliament (ECR Group), as well as representatives of stakeholders, industry speakers and members of ITS community. NEWBITS has produced science knowledge to support the development of the European ITS industry, but also to improve the impact of research on European policy-making.
The event was endorsed by the ECR (European Conservatives and Reformists) Political Group of the European Parliament via the office of Mr. Angel Dzhambazki MEP, who opened the event and congratulated the consortium on its achievements. The conference took place at the European Parliament to raise awareness among policy-makers about the challenges of this industry as well as to share scientific facts and results, concepts, definitions and policy approaches.

To better understand the conditions that affect the ITS innovation deployment, NEWBITS applied an improved value network-based framework that minimizes failures inherent to this process and evolves the current existing business model. Through a thorough search of industry opinions and practices, the consortium identified the existing barriers and enablers for the deployment of ITS services in Europe. To deal with specific barriers, the consortium introduced the concept of the Business Ecosystems and applied the Value Network Analysis. This allowed to develop a five-step formal process for crafting new business models described as a network with shared value and risks among all stakeholders.
The designed business models were then validated by an extensive Cost-Benefit Analysis, the conclusions of which were enhanced in a practical framework with critical success factors and performance indicators. In addition, to progress the real cooperation between stakeholders in innovative ITS projects, NEWBITS developed a novel collaboration platform for ITS stakeholders, the NEWBITS Network Platform (NNP). The NNP provides stakeholders with various opportunities through the different functionalities to communicate, interact and exchange knowledge and practices on ITS.
Through the analysis of four different case studies, NEWBITS showed the emergence of new business models described as networks, where stakeholders collaborate effectively by undertaking a particular business role and executing specific functions that add value to the network as a whole.
Policy recommendations proposed by NEWBITS further highlight the necessity of approaches that the European policy-makers have to consider in order to allow the emergence of such new business models for ITS services, applications and products. The interactive session that took place during the final conference validated and re-confirmed the NEWBITS recommendations, which were given as major directions in this policy field. As an outcome of the work, the consortium publishes an eBook to disseminate the results, publicize the policy recommendations and further advance this debate. TTS Italia has largely contributed to the definition of these recommendations, available here, highlighting the need for clear and innovative business models for ITS, formally characterizing the enabling elements and barriers to the diffusion of ITS, as well as developing ad-hoc policy recommendations to accelerate the use of ITS in Europe.
To find out more about NEWBITS visit www.newbits-project.eu, follow the project on Twitter (@NEWBITS_CITS) and register on the NEWBITS Network Platform on https://newbits.eu/.

Save the date

IoMobility
3-4 April 2019, Milan
For further information, click here

Droidcon
4-5 April 2019, Turin
For further information, click here

The car sharing in Milan: which evolution?
9 April 2019, Milan
For further information, click here

EXPOMOVE on electric mobility for public transport
11 April 2019, Florence
For further information, asstraservice@asstra.it

EU CONNECTED AUTOMATED DRIVING CONFERENCE
2-3 April 2019, Brussels, Belgium 
For further information, click here

Second European Conference on Connected and Automated Driving (EUCAD)
3-4 April 2019, Brussels, Belgium
For further information, click here

COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION DAYS – LOGISTICS INFORMATION SPACES: FROM DATA TO VALUE
4 April 2019, Brussels, Belgium
For further information, click here

European Navigation Conference
9-12 April 2019, Varsaw, Poland
For further information, click here

Open Mobility Conference 2019
11 April 2019, Brussels, Belgium 
For further information, click here

ITS relevant tenders in Italy

For all the relevant tenders click here

Italia – Corbetta: LTZ accesses
Italia-Bari: Rail works
Italia-Bolzano: Internet services
Italia-Grosseto: Services for parking areas management
Italia-Napoli: Devices for traffic monitoring

TTS Italia informs that data are used in the respect of the GDPR 2016/679
Click here for further information.